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Grammatical article in English

The () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, unsaid or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words.^[1] It is derived from gendered manufactures in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a unmarried grade used with pronouns of any gender.^[a] The discussion can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a substantive that starts with whatever letter. This is dissimilar from many other languages, which have unlike forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed past a schwa) when followed past a consonant sound, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel audio or used as an emphatic course.^[two]

Modernistic American and New Zealand English language have an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and utilize /ðə/, even before a vowel.^{[3] [4]}

Sometimes the word "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the practiced", not just "an" expert in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English language are described under "Use of articles". The, as in phrases like "the more the ameliorate", has a singled-out origin and etymology and by chance has evolved to be identical to the definite article.^[5]

Article

The and that are mutual developments from the aforementioned Old English system. Former English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Middle English language, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Mod English give-and-take the.^[6]

Geographic usage

An expanse in which the apply or non-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, island groups (archipelagoes) and and so on – are more often than not used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the Northward Sea, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, individual islands, administrative units and settlements more often than not do not have a "the" article (Europe, Jura, Austria (simply the Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (simply the County of York), Madrid).
• beginning with a mutual substantive followed by of may take the article, every bit in the Island of Wight or the Isle of Portland (compare Christmas Isle), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, just the University of Cambridge.
• Some identify names include an article, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Village (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West Cease, the East End, The Hague, or the Urban center of London (but London). Formerly e.m. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[seven]
• by and large described singular names, the Northward Isle (New Zealand) or the W Country (England), take an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, most exclude "the" just there are some that attach to secondary rules:

• derivations from collective mutual nouns such every bit "kingdom", "commonwealth", "marriage", etc.: the Key African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Spousal relationship, the United Arab Emirates, including almost country full names:^{[8] [9]} the Czech Republic (but Czechia), the Russian Federation (simply Russia), the Principality of Monaco (but Monaco), the State of Israel (just Israel) and the Republic of Australia (but Australia).^{[10] [11] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: holland, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Comoros, the Maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Commonwealth of the bahamas.
• Atypical derivations from "island" or "land" that hold administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Island – do non take a "the" definite commodity.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, fifty-fifty for atypical, (the Lebanese republic, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[13] This usage is in decline, The Gambia remains recommended whereas employ of the Argentine for Argentine republic is considered onetime-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to equally the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th century, but this is considered incorrect and mayhap offensive in mod usage.^[14] Sudan (but the Republic of the Sudan) and S Sudan (but the Democracy of South Sudan) are written present without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is one of the most oftentimes used words in English language, at diverse times short abbreviations for information technology accept been constitute:

• Barred thorn: the earliest abbreviation, it is used in manuscripts in the Old English language language. It is the letter þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and information technology represents the word þæt, meaning "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript e or t) appear in Centre English manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modern manuscripts and in print (encounter Ye form).

Occasional proposals have been fabricated past individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their classic printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter similar to Ħ to represent "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[15]

In Eye English, the (þe) was often abbreviated as a þ with a pocket-sized e to a higher place information technology, similar to the abridgement for that, which was a þ with a pocket-size t higher up it. During the latter Middle English and Early Modern English periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive form, came to resemble a y shape. As a result, the utilise of a y with an e above it () as an abbreviation became common. This can however be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the Male monarch James Version of the Bible in places such equally Romans 15:29, or in the Mayflower Compact. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y sound, even when and then written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abbreviation in Commonwealth countries for the honorific title "The Right Honourable", as in e.g. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[16]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English language Letter of the alphabet Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Class in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English language . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford University Press, March 2016. Web. 11 March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved eighteen June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it chosen The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to use".
9. ^ "FAO Country Profiles". www.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "Listing of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN World Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English language Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Accost, 21st ed., pp. viii–nine. A & C Black, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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